PMU-based Line Differential Protection under GPS Spoofing Attack

Many power grid applications rely on the time synchronized measurement data collected by phasor units (PMUs) and or Merging Units (MUs)). The synchronization of from multiple PMUs MUs relies global positioning system (GPS) to provide reference. civilian GPS receivers used in PMU operate according publicly available mechanism. Therefore, attackers can easily generate false signals with low-cost portable devices. During spoofing attacks, signal received is arbitrarily modified attacker without being detected, leading malfunction other including transmission line protection. In this paper, we investigate effect attack differential protection schemes based PMUs, percentage method alpha-plane method. mis-operation these relays observed during attacks. addition, propose a quasi-dynamic state-estimation-based detect identify affected correct compromised data, enable continuous reliable operation relays. Numerical results show that proposed detects successfully recovered eliminate misoperation